Supreme Court of Canada – [1886] 13 S.C.R. 342
Quebec Family lawSeigniorial lawSuccessionSummary
The Court considered a customary marriage, but did not decide on it. The 1869 decision in Johnstone v. Connolly remained the reference.
Issue
Was the marriage between Alexander Fraser and Angelique Meadows valid?
Was Alexander Fraser’s will revoke at Marguerite Jones’ death?
Supreme Court of Canada – [1976] 1 S.C.R. 170
Manitoba DiscriminationIndian ActSuccessionSummary
This ruling followed Lavell and Drybones regarding discrimination caused by the Indian Act. It incorporates the reasoning in Lavell that s. 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867, which grants the federal government jurisdiction over Indians, allows differential treatment between them and the rest of the population and permits the government to legislate regarding them in the sphere of general provincial jurisdiction.
In this case, the Court found that the application of the Indian Act falls under the discretionary power of the minister and allows an interpretation that does not distinguish between Indians and other Canadians. It confirmed the Federal Court’s jurisdiction to review such decisions and to apply the relevant provisions.
Issue
Was Canard’s estate subject to the provisions of the Indian Act and are ss. 42, 43 and 44 of the Act contrary to the Bill of Rights?